What is the primary function of open-loop water-source heat pump systems?

The primary function of open-loop water-source heat pump systems is to transfer heat between a water source and a conditioned space. These systems utilize a nearby body of water, such as a lake, river, or well, as the heat exchange medium. During the heating process, the system extracts heat from the water source and transfers it to the indoor air or space that needs to be heated. Conversely, during cooling, it can reject heat from the conditioned space back into the water source.

This method of heat exchange is efficient because water generally has a much higher thermal mass than air, allowing for better heat transfer. The effectiveness of an open-loop system relies on a continuous supply of water, which can provide a stable temperature for the heat exchange process, making it particularly beneficial in applications where large amounts of heating or cooling are required due to the consistent temperature of the water source.